региональный рынок труда,
факторы формирования спроса,
тенденции рынка труда,
занятость,
Челябинская область
Abstract
Introduction. The implementation of large-scale government tasks has led to economic restructuring and increased labor demand, exacerbating the labor shortage caused by objective factors. To address this issue, it is necessary to study the factors shaping labor demand and identify ways to optimize it. The purpose of the research is to study and systematize the factors shaping demand in the regional labor market, conduct an analysis using the Chelyabinsk Region as an example, and identify the existing trends. Methods. The study analyzes scientific publications, official statistics, and online job posting and resume data, using methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, systematization and grouping, comparative analysis, and modeling. The scientific novelty of the study. The study proposes a classification of factors influencing demand in the regional labor market based on the nature of their impact, the level of their emergence, and the stage of demand formation. Results. Factors shaping demand in the labor market are divided into direct factors (economic factors) and indirect factors (socio-demographic and informational factors). Each of these groups of factors is divided by their level of emergence into macroeconomic, regional, and organizational factors (conditions). The results of the study can be used when analyzing trends in labor market demand, assessing and forecasting the situation, identifying problem areas, and evaluating the effectiveness of regional labor market policies. Conclusions. Macroeconomic and regional factors stimulate growth in organizations’ demand for labor, while socio-labor factors at all levels act as constraints on this growth, thereby promoting the implementation of labor-saving technologies and increasing labor productivity. Informational factors at the macroeconomic and regional levels are not sufficiently effective, so companies actively use their own websites and marketing tools to attract personnel. To optimize labor demand, it is necessary to improve labor processes in organizations through automation and digitalization, implement lean manufacturing concepts, develop flexible forms of employment, improve training systems, etc.
