институт пространственного развития,
особые экономические зоны,
региональная экономика,
развитие территорий,
развитие отраслей,
эффективность институтов развития
Abstract
Introduction. The article examines special economic zones as an institution for the spatial development of Russian regions, aimed at the comprehensive development of a region, taking into account its industry specialization and territorial potential. The purpose of the study is to determine the spatial conditions for creating an effective special economic zone of a specific type in a region. Methods and materials. Based on the official socioeconomic statistics, the authors use information from federal and regional executive authorities, regulatory legal acts, and regional development strategies, theoretical research methods, comparative analysis, and economic and mathematical statistics. Results. The study defines the role of special economic zones in Russia as a territorial-industry institution for spatial development and formulates the conditions for their use as a regional development tool: budgetary capacity and the preparedness of regional authorities. The authors propose methodology for determining the sufficiency of a region’s potential to create an effective special economic zone of a specific type within its territory, on the basis of regional conditions (territorial and economic invariants). The methodology was tested by assessing Russian Federation regions with existing special economic zones, the results of which confirm the applicability of the proposed regional conditions. The scientific novelty of the work lies in systematizing regional conditions for creating an effective special economic zone of a specific type and developing methodology for assessing them. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential application of the developed tool by government agencies when making decisions on the creation of special economic zones, which will facilitate their effective functioning as a spatial development institution. Conclusions. The proposed approach to assessing a region’s basic potential at the stage of creating special economic zones helps to reduce their inefficiencies. The study emphasizes the need for a differentiated approach to creating special economic zones, taking into account the specific characteristics of regions.
